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OSMP2015
Analyst Note 4 March 2026
This image is a composite assembled from several screen captures taken from an IDF video. Due to camera movement and other factors, there may be some minor misalignment. (ARES)
OSMP2036
Analyst Note 5 March 2026
This Tomahawk missile features a distinctive black coating that suggests it is an RGM-109E Block Va variant, also known as the Maritime Strike Tomahawk (MST). A similar coating is seen on the U.S. Navy’s AGM-158C Long-Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRASM). MST incorporates a new multi-mode seeker optimised for the anti-shipping role, but remains capable of striking land-based targets. (ARES)
OSMP2061
Analyst Note 7 March 2026
This image shows what is believed to be one of the first combat uses of the Precision Strike Missile (PrSM), following its entry into U.S. Army service in late 2023. PrSM is the successor to the ATACMS short-range ballistic missile that has become well known due to its use in the Russo–Ukrainian War. The Increment One version of PrSM has a range of approximately 500 km. The missile is seen here being fired from an M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS). (ARES)
OSMP2051
Analyst Note 5 March 2026
Photos released by the Israeli Air Force show an F-16 aircraft carrying two 2,000-pound-class air-delivered bombs fitted with Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) guidance kits. Whilst the bomb body is visually similar to a MK 84 general-purpose aerial bomb, the marking scheme is distinctly different. The combination of yellow and red bands most likely indicates both a high explosive and incendiary payload. This is consistent with the marking scheme applied to specialised U.S. munitions intended for use against chemical and biological weapons targets. The best known of these is the BLU-119/B CrashPAD ('Prompt Agent Defeat'), which uses a MK 84 bomb body and contains 170 lbs of PBX-109 and 420 lbs of white phosphorus. It is not clear if agent defeat weapons were ever exported to Israel, or if a local analogue was developed. Capabilities of this type often remain classified. (ARES)
OSMP1960
Analyst Note 2 March 2026
The Iranian 358 surface-to-air missile is reportedly a ‘loitering munition’, designed for engaging drones and rotary-wing aircraft. It employs a combination of ground-based and onboard thermal cameras to scan a designated area, and then uses an infrared imaging seeker in the nose to locate and lock onto targets. The missile carries a 10 kg fragmentation warhead, which is functioned by a 360-degree laser proximity sensor. (ARES)
OSMP1967
Analyst Note 27 April 2026
Shown is the Russian Kh-69 (marked in Cyrillic: “Х-69”) cruise missile which was debuted at a Russian arms show in August 2022, and entered into active military service the following year. The Kh-69 was reportedly first used in combat in February 2024, engaging Ukrainian targets. The more compact design when compared with previous Russian missiles results in a smaller radar signature, which is further reduced by the trapezoidal form factor. The Kh-69 is classed by the Russian military as a ‘stealth cruise missile’ and carries either a penetrator or cluster (submunitions) warhead. (ARES)
OSMP1792
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
This image shows 122 mm high explosive (HE) artillery gun projectiles manufactured in three different states, L–R: Iran, North Korea, and Russia. Whilst these examples are distinct from one another—particularly in coloration, as well as the presence or absence of paint over the driving band and bourrelet—this is not always the case, and a combination of physical features and markings should be assessed before identification is made. (ARES)
OSMP1801
Analyst Note 5 February 2026
Pictured here are a pair of 106 mm M344A1 High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT) projectiles fitted with M509A1 point-initiating, base-detonating (PIBD) fuzes. These are designed to be fired from M40-series 106 mm recoilless rifles. Note that, despite the nominal 106 mm designations, the M40 has a bore diameter of 105 mm. (ARES)
OSMP1816
Analyst Note 31 December 2025
This PG-7VR recoilless gun projectile is painted in a tan colour often associated with Iranian production, but also used by other manufacturers. Iranian munitions have been seen and reported in Sudan with regularity. (ARES)
OSMP1803
Analyst Note 31 December 2025
This munition, despite being adapated from the design of a 120 mm mortar projectile and closely resembling such, is actually a small air-delivered bomb intended to be dropped by UAV. The manufacturer clearly states that the munition should not be fired from a mortar. Additional data from the manufacturer states that it uses a UT M18 “special impact fuze”. (ARES)
OSMP1802
Analyst Note 31 December 2025
This image shows an FN-6-series man-portable air-defence system (MANPADS) being fired. In Sudan, this weapon is referred to as the ‘Nayzak’. The Nayzak is most likely a Chinese FN-6 re-marked for domestic use. (ARES)
OSMP1848
Analyst Note 31 December 2025
This image shows a russian air-delivered bomb fitted with a UMPK guidance kit. Not enough of the bomb is visible to positively identify the model, but it is most likely an OFAB-250-270 based on what can be seen of the tail section. (ARES)
OSMP1828
Analyst Note 31 December 2025
This image shows a North Korean 170 mm artillery projectile, as fired by the M-1978 Koksan self-propelled artillery gun. Very little is known of the M-1978 Koksan due to the secretive nature of North Korean arms development, but both high explosive and rocket-assisted high explosive projectiles are believed to be available. The designations ‘M-1978’ and ‘Koksan’ were applied by American military analysts identified the system in Koksan, North Korea, in 1978. (ARES)
OSMP671
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
Markings on the forward section of this small, air-delivered bomb suggest that the designation is ‘BK-3OF’ (“БК-3ОФ”). The physical features of the munition suggest that it is laser-guided and likely carries a high explosive fragmentation (HE-FRAG) payload. This image shows the only known example, which was allegedly captured by Russian forces in conjunction with a Ukrainian UAV. (ARES)
OSMP1850
Analyst Note 9 January 2026
This Russian air-delivered cluster bomb is marked with a threatening message directed at the French people: «Français! Changer la politique du président dans le pays, sinon ces bombes vont changer le lieu d'atterrissage!» (“French people! Change the president’s policy in the country, otherwise these bombs will change their landing site!”). (ARES)
OSMP1708
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
This image shows a Hydra-70 rocket fitted with an Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) guidance kit, converting it into a guided missile. In this case, the missile features an M151 high explosive (HE) warhead fitted with either an M427 or M423 point-detonating (PD) fuze. The rocket motor model cannot be determined from this source alone, but it is most likely to be a MK 66-series motor. The launcher appears to be a LAND-LGR4 model produced by Arnold Defense. (ARES)
OSMP1812
Analyst Note 8 December 2025
This image shows a ‘120mm TB’ air-delivered bomb that has been adapted from a 120 mm mortar projectile. It is claimed by the manufacturer that this thermobaric munition offers improved fragmentation and blast effects when compared with standard (high explosive) 120 mm mortar projectiles. The “with special FUZE” marking refers to the use of the UT M18 impact fuze. Note that this munition cannot be fired from a mortar, despite the munition body showing features consistent with this use (e.g., gas-check bands). Instead of a standard mortar projectile tailboom which would contain an ignition cartridge and be perforated by flash holes, this munition is fitted with a simplified, plastic tailfin assembly that is designed to stabilise the munition as it falls after being released by a UAV. (ARES)
OSMP1687
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
This guided munition is built around a sacrificial DJI Avata-series UAV that has been fitted with an improvised explosive device (IED). From front to back, it consists of an impact switch made from a syringe, the main charge (yellow/white material in a plastic bag), and a battery that acts as the power source. While crudely made, it is probably still functional. (ARES)
OSMP1681
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
The physical features of this munition indicate that it is most likely an Iranian 60 mm ‘high explosive, long-range’ (“H.E. L.R.”) mortar projectile fitted with an AZ111A2 impact fuze. However, positive identification cannot be made based on the source imagery. (ARES)
OSMP1683
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
The munition depicted in this image is a type of aerodynamically optimised artillery projectile, in this case 155 mm in calibre, known as an ‘Extended Range Full-Bore (ERFB)’ design. This example is a cargo projectile fitted with a base-bleed (BB) base unit to further extend its range. This configuration is designated NR269, and reportedly contains 56 M46 dual-purpose (anti-personnel/anti-armour) submunitions. (ARES)
OSMP1678
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
In this case, the tentative identification of this munition is possible based on an analysis of its silhouette, particularly the distinctive detachable warhead compartment that can be seen hanging from the base of the munition's body. In many cases, such an identification technique would not be possible to apply with confidence. (ARES)
OSMP1818
Analyst Note 2 December 2025
This image represents the first documented instance of a Shahed-series UAV carrying an R-60 air-to-air missile. This appears to add a new capability to the Shahed, enabling it to target enemy aircraft. Arming UAVs to counter interception and engage alternative targets is an emergent trend. Previously, unmanned surface vessels (USVs) employed by the Ukrainian Armed Forces have been observed carrying R-73 air-to-air missiles, for example. (ARES)
OSMP1758
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
This image shows an M49-series 60 mm high explosive (HE) mortar projectile, or a copy thereof. Due to the state of the round the available imagery, the specific model or variant cannot be determined. The fuze is also not clearly visible. Most M49 mortar projectiles use an M525, M717, M935, or similar point-detonating (PD) fuze. (ARES)
OSMP1764
Analyst Note 28 November 2025
This image shows several 107 mm rockets of the Type 63 pattern. Whilst developed by China, munitions of this design are now produced by several countries around the world, including Iran, North Korea, and Sudan. The state-owned Military Industry Corporation (MIC) of Sudan produces a copy of the Type 63 known as the TAKA-01, TAKA-1, or TAKA-107. (ARES)
OSMP1794
2 Analyst Notes 28 November 2025
This image shows 122 mm high explosive (HE) artillery gun projectiles manufactured in three different states, L–R: Iran, North Korea, and Russia. Whilst these examples are distinct from one another—particularly in coloration, as well as the presence or absence of paint over the driving band and bourrelet—this is not always the case, and a combination of physical features and markings should be assessed before identification is made. (ARES)
OSMP878
2 Analyst Notes 25 November 2025
This image shows 122 mm high explosive (HE) artillery gun projectiles manufactured in three different states, L–R: Iran, North Korea, and Russia. Whilst these examples are distinct from one another—particularly in coloration, as well as the presence or absence of paint over the driving band and bourrelet—this is not always the case, and a combination of physical features and markings should be assessed before identification is made. (ARES)
OSMP1455
Analyst Note 15 September 2025
This still taken from a video released by Iranian state media, shows a one-way-attack UAV purportedly manufactured by Israeli forces operating inside Iran. This UAV was found alongside manufacturing equipment, and additional UAV components, strongly suggesting that it was manufactured or assembled inside Iranian borders. (ARES)
OSMP1528
Analyst Note 15 September 2025
This image shows a Russian spherical submunition of unknown designation. Whilst this specific example was delivered by a cluster munition variant of the Kh-59MK2 missile, this submunition is known to also be delivered by variants of the Kh-69. A similar, but different, spherical submunition is delivered by some variants of the Kh-101. (ARES)