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Wide Fins
A fin wingspan that is more than double the diameter of the munition’s body.
Analyst Note:
This image shows a Lancet-series one-way attack (OWA) UAV. It strongly resembles the Z-51E made by Zala Aerospace, a Russian manufacturer, although this cannot be confirmed from the available image. The Lancet series of drones can carry a variety of different warheads, including blast, fragmentation, thermobaric, and High Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT). (ARES)
Analyst Note:
Positive identification of the model of air-delivered bomb to which the UMPK kit is fitted cannot be made from the source imagery. Based on the size of the UMPK and historical use in the area, it is likely an OFAB-250-270 model. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
This image shows the remains of a Russian Geran-5 drone. These drones are reported to be roughly 6 meters long and have a wingspan of up to 5.5 meters. They are fitted with a warhead weighing approximately 90 kg and have a range of about 1,000 km. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
This image shows a Low-Cost Unmanned Combat Attack System (LUCAS). The LUCAS one-way attack UAV is a U.S.-made, cost-effective ‘kamikaze drone’. LUCAS munitions can connect to one another via a mesh network, allowing multiple LUCAS drones to communicate in flight. The white square object connected to the munition by a cable appears to be a Starlink antenna, consistent with reported communication capabilities. Elon Musk has claimed that LUCAS operates only via Starshield, a Starlink-derived satellite network intended for government use. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
The Iranian 358 surface-to-air missile is reportedly a ‘loitering munition’, designed for engaging drones and rotary-wing aircraft. It employs a combination of ground-based and onboard thermal cameras to scan a designated area, and then uses an infrared imaging seeker in the nose to locate and lock onto targets. The missile carries a 10 kg fragmentation warhead, which is functioned by a 360-degree laser proximity sensor. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
The UMPK guidance package is a ‘bolt-on’ kit that can be fitted to unguided air-delivered bombs to convert them to guided munitions. The UMPK kit also greatly extends the range of the munition to which it is fitted, allowing aircraft to strike from beyond the range of many air-defence systems. Currently only Russia manufacturers and uses these kits. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
This image shows a russian air-delivered bomb fitted with a UMPK guidance kit. Not enough of the bomb is visible to positively identify the model, but it is most likely an OFAB-250-270 based on what can be seen of the tail section. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
This Russian air-delivered cluster bomb is marked with a threatening message directed at the French people: «Français! Changer la politique du président dans le pays, sinon ces bombes vont changer le lieu d'atterrissage!» (“French people! Change the president’s policy in the country, otherwise these bombs will change their landing site!”). (ARES)
Analyst Note:
A Gerbera-series UAV is pictured here being carried by just two Ukrainian soldiers. This highlights the Gerbera’s lightweight design—the airframe is mostly constructed from Styrofoam and wood, which saves on both weight and cost. This particular example does not bear signs of significant damage, suggesting that it either malfunctioned or was brought down by EW and crashed. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
The RAFAEL Advanced Defense Systems SPICE 1000 guidance kit is fitted to MK 83-series 1,000-pound unguided air-delivered bombs to convert them to precision guided munitions. Like the JDAM-ER, it has a deployable wings to provide a ‘gliding’ attack trajectory. (ARES)
