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Blue Sparrow family
A family of related air-launched ballistic missiles developed and produced by Israel. Originally created as a target missile to test the Arrow series of air defence systems, the Blue Sparrow has been adapted for use as an offensive air-to-surface munition, most likely in several variants. The design incorporates a separable re-entry vehicle (payload section) which strikes the target. Many images in the OSMP show the booster section of the missile which falls to the ground after stage separation. Although some of these exhibit minor differences in interstage architecture, open sources do not yet provide enough clarity on different variants and derivatives. Munitions such as Golden Horizon are presently considered part of the wider Blue Sparrow family. Several variants are believed to have a range of around 2,000 kilometres.

Collection
The Iran War 2026
Verified munition images from all parties to the regional conflict sparked by U.S. and Israeli strikes on 28 February, 2026
Collection
Ірансько-ізраїльський конфлікт. Червень 2025 року
Десятки перевірених зображень боєприпасів, використаних Іраном та Ізраїлем під час конфлікту між Ізраїлем та Іраном у червні 2025 року
Collection
Iran-Israel conflict June 2025
Dozens of verified images of munitions used by Iran and Israel during the June 2025 Israel-Iran conflict
Analyst Note:
This Blue Sparrow-series air-launched ballistic missile is being carried by an F-15C fighter aircraft from 106 Squadron Israeli Air Force. The missile is marked with the logos of three organisations involved in its development—the U.S. Missile Defense Agency, the Directorate of Defence Research & Development, and the Israel Missile Defense Organization—and the Blue Sparrow programme logo of the manufacturer (Rafael Advanced Defense Systems). The booster section also features bright-orange fins and markings consistent with its use as a target missile, here modified to accept a high explosive warhead. (ARES)
Analyst Note:
The Blue Sparrow is one of a series of three of air-launched missiles originally designed by Rafael as targets to test ballistic missile defence systems. Blue Sparrow missiles can be fitted with either inert or high explosive (HE) warheads. The recovery of Sparrow-series boosters following a reported Israeli strike on an Iranian air-defence system could suggest that a derivative variant of the Blue Sparrow missile was further developed for engaging surface targets. (ARES)




















