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Classification groups of key explosive munitions used in conflicts

Munition Category (5)

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Tentative Model (107)

A series of artillery rockets originally designed in the Soviet Union
9M22 Grad series
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Colour of all, or some, of the markings on the munition

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Where the munition is launched from and what it targets

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The type of fins visible on the munition

Fins Characteristic (5)

The nominal diameter of a projectile. For most modern munitions, this is expressed in millimetres (e.g. 82 mm mortar projectile), but older artillery gun projectiles may be described in inches.

Calibre (33)

Weight class of the aerial bomb pictured

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9M22 Grad series
Typically unguided artillery rockets with a diameter of 122 mm, capable of delivering a range of payloads, but most often carrying a HE-FRAG warhead. These indirect-fire munitions are most often launched from multiple-barrel rocket launchers such as the BM-21 Grad, but can also be fired from single- or double-barrel launchers or improvised rails, with the latter often seen in the Middle East. 9M22-series ‘Grad’ rockets have been used in conflicts across the globe, including Syria and Ukraine.
OSMP314
Rocket or Missile Ukraine 9M22 Grad series
Analyst Note:
122 mm ‘Grad’ rockets can be fired from a variety of launchers and even in improvised ways. The most common is the BM-21 launcher and its later derivatives, but many other portable or vehicle-mounted launchers have been used around the world. Craft-produced examples—ranging from simple rails to more complex designs comparable to factory made launchers—are also common. In some cases, Grad rockets are even fired whilst supported by a crude arrangement of logs, bricks, or rocks. (ARES)