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Classification groups of key explosive munitions used in conflicts

Munition Category (8)

Direct-fire projectiles fired by recoilless guns.
Recoilless Munitions
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The impact or effect the munition is intended to have

Functional use (9)

The specific model of munition pictured

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The external organisation that documented the munition

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Colour of the munition pictured

Base Colour (11)

Colour of all, or some, of the markings on the munition

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Language or script of the marking on a munition

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Where the munition is launched from and what it targets

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The type of fins visible on the munition

Fins Characteristic (5)

The nominal diameter of a projectile. For most modern munitions, this is expressed in millimetres (e.g. 82 mm mortar projectile), but older artillery gun projectiles may be described in inches.

Calibre (61)

Weight class of the aerial bomb pictured

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Recoilless Munitions
Recoilless guns are direct-fire guns distinguished by a system of operation in which propellant gases (or another counter-mass, such as a powder or liquid) are expelled from the rear of the barrel in order to offset the recoil generated by forward momentum of the projectile. Many recoilless weapons have smoothbore barrels; however, several well-known models have rifled barrels. Weapons of the latter type are sometimes referred to as ‘recoilless rifles’. Recoilless weapons are generally sorted into two subcategories: crew-served recoilless weapons and shoulder-fired recoilless weapons.
OSMP1043
Recoilless Munitions Syria M344
Analyst Note:
This image shows an Iranian M344 106 mm recoilless gun projectile. The M344 is a high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) munition, containing a shaped charge that is designed to penetrate armour. (ARES)
OSMP710
Recoilless Munitions Israel M344
Analyst Note:
Markings on this 106 mm recoilless gun projectile indicate it is a M344A1 high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) round (“CH-106-M344-A1”) produced by Fábrica Nacional de Granada (“FNG”), Spain, in 1984 (“84”). The packing crate identifies the intended weapon as an M40A1 Cañón sin retroceso, or ‘recoilless rifle’ (“C.S.R. 106 M40 A1”). Other markings show that the round is fitted with an M509-type point-impact, base initiating (PIBD) fuze (“Espoleta PIBD M509”), and give additional details such as the expected muzzle velocity (“V₀”) of 503 m/s. (ARES)

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Israel and Gaza 2023 – 2025

On 7 October 2023, Hamas militants breached the heavily-fortified border separating Israel and the Gaza Strip, attacking numerous towns and villages. More than 1,000 people in Israel were reported killed, with more than 250 taken hostage and moved to Gaza. In response, Israel has launched one of its largest military operations of recent decades, seeking […]

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